Bayındır Hospital Ophthalmology Clinics of both hospitals serves with both part-time and full-time physicians. Directed by Prof. Dr. Fatih Karel, there are 6 physicians working in various units of our department. All ophthalmologic surgeries and diagnostic evaluation methods can be performed in our clinic.
Units
Cornea
At the cornea unit, diseases of anterior segment structures are evaluated. Cataract surgery and all other surgical operations are performed. Methods such as Yag laser applications, dry eye evaluation methods, specular microscopy, and cornea topography are used.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma = eye hypertension disease is evaluated in this unit. All patients who are diagnosed to have high ocular pressure are followed up continuously by evaluation of visual fields.
Retina
In this department, posterior segment structures diseases such as hypertensive or diabetic retinopathy, retina detachments, macular degeneration due to advanced age, intraocular bleedings. Angiographic evaluation and laser treatment are performed by retina unit.
Oculoplastic surgery
Eyelid or lachrymal canal diseases are evaluated and surgeries are performed in this department. Surgeries for removal of eyelid masses, correction of deformities and eyelid droop (ptosis), lachrymal duct obstruction are performed.
Strabismus
Especially occurring in childhood and mostly developing due to refractive errors, diagnosis of strabismus and medical and surgical treatment are performed by this unit.
Neuroophthalmology
Ophthalmologic diseases accompanying neurological disorder are followed by this unit. Myasthenia gravis, thyroid related ocular involvement, eye motion disorders, ocular migraine, and other neurological problems are evaluated. Imaging methods such as MR, CT, visual field tests, color vision, eye motion tests are used.
Uvea
Diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory and purulent diseases occurring in iris, sclera and choroid parts of the eye are performed in the uvea unit.
Refractive Surgery
Surgical applications using laser technology to correct refractive errors, myopia, hypermetropia and astigmatism, are performed. Following evaluation methods such as corneal topography, keratometry, surgery is performed with a special laser system.
Contact Lens
Contact lenses can be used for refractive errors such as myopia, hypermetropia and astigmatism; keratoconus, bullous keratopathy, persistent epithelial defect and some other diseases. Colored lenses, or colored-corrective lenses are available for aesthetic purposes or for correction of refractive defects.
Structure of Eye
The colored part of the eye is called iris. Corneal layer, like a watch glass, covers the outermost part of this. The opening in the middle of iris is called pupil. The white colored layer of the eye is sclera and the membrane covering this is conjunctiva.
At the back of iris lens is located. Posterior chamber of eye ball is filled with a gel like liquid called vitreous. Nerve fiber layer covering this chamber is called retina. Just below this, vascular layer called choroid is located.
Optic disk located at this posterior part, where optic nerve is originated, is pink-white colored and can be seen by special camera lenses. In the vicinity of this, darker colored compared to surrounding tissues located macula, which helps to see a more detailed vision.
The light passes respectively tear, cornea, lens and the image falls on retina area, from where forwarded to brain’s vision center via nerve fibers. The light stimulus organized here and becomes an image. For a good vision, all these structures and muscles surrounding eye ball must be healthy.
Operations and Evaluation Methods
Anterior segment surgery
Cataract surgery (phacoemulsification, extracapsular cataract extraction, intraocular lens replacement)
Glaucoma surgery
Strabismus surgery
Surgeries for eyelid deformities and lachrymal ducts.
Chelation, pterygium and hordeolum surgeries
Cornea and conjunctival repairs
Ectropion, entropion correction, excision of eyelids mass
Other
Posterior segment surgery
Retinal detachment surgeries
Vitrectomy
Intraocular lipid and gas application and removal
Membrane peeling, surgeries for macular perforations
Angiography -Fundus Florescent Angiography
İdocyanine Green Angiography
Visual Field
Computer-based Visual Field Test
Corneal Topography
Evaluation of cornea surface area
Specular Microscopy
Determination of cell count on corneal endothelium layer
Laser
YAG Laser
Green Laser
Frequently Asked Questions
What is cataract? What are the operation methods?
Cataract is the opaqueness of eye lens and causes blurred vision. Operation can be done by classical methods or a method called phacoemulsification, in which sound waves are used. Operation technique is chosen according to the condition of the eye. The difference between two surgeries is there are no sutures in phaco technique and recovery is faster. During both surgeries an artificial lens is placed intraocularly. Before the operation a medicine, which will reduce the tactile and pain feelings, is dropped in the eye and only ocular anesthesia is obtained. In some cases, injections around the eye needed in order to obtain this anesthesia.
How refractive errors are corrected by laser? Can this method be applied to both eyes? Is there any risk of this operation?
Surgery can be performed for all refractive errors (myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism) via laser. The most successful cases are simple myopia cases. The aim of this surgery is to decrease the eye number as much as possible. It may not be possible completely to correct the number for all cases. The thickness of cornea and the hight of eye number are the factors affecting this success. Moreover, all anatomical structures of the eye must be healthy. All patients requesting this surgery must have a general eye examination before this, cornea thickness must be measured and corneal topography must be performed. If the eye and the refractive error are suitable for the surgery, then the operation is performed. Similar to all surgeries, this surgery also have some complications such as infection risk, continuing of refractive error or changes in characteristics of the error, opacity of cornea, decrease in night vision. The rate of these complications is very small and sometimes re-operation is needed.
What are the refractive errors? Why we are using reading glasses after the age of 40?
Astigmatism occurs because of refraction of light from different axes. Astigmatism can be myopic or hypermetropic. In myopia collimated light produces image focus in front of the retina instead of on the retina and it is basically nearsightedness. On the contrary, in hypermetropia the image focus is produced on the back of the retina and it is farsightedness. The age related farsightedness occurs around the age of 40 and it is caused by changes in ocular structures that provide focusing to visualize close objects. It continuous to advance with age but then stops.
What is diabetic retinopathy, how it is treated?
Eye involvement may be seen in diabetes depending on the type, duration, and blood glucose level. İntravenous fluid leakage on the retina, bleeding, formation of new blood vessels, intraocular bleedings may be seen. Early diagnosis of these enable treatment, however, in patients that diagnosis is delayed, sever visual loss may occur. Thus, periodic eye exam is a must for these patients. If there are serious symptoms diabetics the Fundus Fluorescent Angiography evaluation is performed. If neovascularization is seen, laser treatment is immediately required to the posterior eye.
What is Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)? Is there a treatment?
Age-related Macular Degeneration can develop due to many factors, among which advanced age is the leading cause, and it is a disease that affects the center of visual field of the eye called macula. There are two basic types of AMD: “dry” and “wet”. Dry AMD has a better progress, however wet AMD is accompanied by bleedings, severe visual loss. Exact diagnosis is made by angiographic evaluations. Treatment varies depending on the localization of neovascular formation. Especially in wet AMD cases in which the exact visual center is affected, even laser treatment cannot provide good results. This disease is the most important cause of visual loss in all around the world and in our country and better treatment methods are still being researched.
What is ocular hypertension? What are the signs?
Ocular hypertension, or in other words, glaucoma, is caused by excessive secretion of intraocular liquid, aqueous humor or disorders of drainage of this liquid. The increase in ocular pressure damages the optic nerve and causes visual loss. Glaucoma generally advances insidiously and do not present any signs. Most of the cases are diagnosed during the routine eye exam by measuring the ocular pressure. It can rarely be seen as glaucoma crises which presents as sudden visual loss and pain. People with first degree relatives with glaucoma are under risk and must be monitored regularly.
